5th Generation Jets - With all the discussion, debate, and criticism surrounding the F-35 regarding long-term sustainment challenges, operational and maintenance costs, and logistical complexities, many may wonder what the difference is in an F-35 with an advanced upgrade. Fourth generation fighter such as an F/A-18, F-16 or even the F-15EX which has been extensively reworked.
Of course, as more F-35s are built, costs will come down, and the ability of an F-35 to perform missions that require more fourth-generation aircraft seems to paint a different financial picture than what critics are chasing.
5th Generation Jets
Cost is clearly something that Lockheed and the Pentagon are working on, reportedly with significant success. Along with the cost savings realized by requiring fewer aircraft to perform missions that typically require more fourth-generation fighters, money is now being saved through efforts by Lockheed and the Air Force to streamline and increase production to lower the price of each aircraft .
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Why not ask those who are in a position to find out? I spoke with three F-35 pilots who have years of experience flying 4th generation jets and also the F-35. Each of the pilots provides a unique and experienced window into how differently an F-35 performs in a combat scenario.
Pilot feedback was consistent with several key themes, including detection, data fusion, maneuverability, and mission intelligence data, among other things.
It's hard not to see the ability to see, attack and destroy beyond line of sight at invisible distances as a huge advantage unique to an F-35 Female F-35 pilot Monessa "Siren" Balzhiser, Production and Training of F- 35. The pilot, Lockheed Martin, told me in an interview.
"The F-35 has a beautiful radar that allows you to fire beyond visual range before any enemy notices you. So that's a big advantage of the fifth-generation fighter," Balzhiser said describing it in terms of "first shot" . first kill advantage."
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In addition to being able to strike beyond line-of-sight range, when it comes to the possibility that an F-35 has to engage in closer combat, its sensors provide new types of positioning data.
F-35 test pilot Chris "Worm" Spinelli spent 24 years in the Air Force flying fighters like the F-22 and F-16 before joining Lockheed. He told me that F-35 technology gives pilots a new understanding of where they are in the air relative to the enemy, something that determines life or death in air-to-air combat.
"In air-to-air combat, with a fourth-generation fighter, you shoot and then maneuver to help survive a follow-on attack from enemy aircraft, and I can tell you personally, from my own experiences fighting the F-22 Raptor and the F-16 , it's very frustrating to try to see. In fact, you can't see [the enemy plane], or know what happened," Spinelli said.
Spinelli said the F-35 creates a completely different "Tactical Air" image or "mental model" for pilots who need to be aware of their surroundings in aerial warfare.
Sukhoi Su 57
"In a fourth-generation fighter, you have to build that model in mind and then try to make decisions. Of course, that can be challenging depending on the density of the threat environment in terms of air and ground threats or other threats that might "This out there This is in contrast to an F-35, where you see a much bigger picture, also informed by shore sources, and you see it from your own platform,” Spinelli said.
Winning in the air is still, to a great extent, aptly described by the famous former fighter pilot Col. John Boyd's "OODA Loop" Terminology. Through “Observation, Orientation, Decision, Action”, pilots who can complete the decision “loop” cycle faster than an enemy… can destroy their enemies in the air. Speeding up, streamlining, and improving the OODA loop process may be the most defining elements of the F-35's superiority.
Spinelli's F-35 pilot experience, which of course captures the speed of sensor data processing and aircraft data integration, is entirely consistent with Boyd's OODA loop concept.
"You only have so much knowledge and information that you have, so to me that's one of the big differences. The F-35 allows you to make decisions that allow you to hopefully make the right tactical decision or the right one as the situation dictates." ….and then it can be executed on the timeline that allows for the best chance of your attack succeeding against the enemy's attack,” Spinelli told me.
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This awareness, or "Tactical Air" image, as Spinelli describes it, is brought to life through the technology synergy and oft-discussed information "unification" of an F-35.
"Sensor fusion," as it's called, takes disparate or seemingly separate and unrelated groups of information, performs analysis, and organizes them into a display for the pilot. In fact, pilots don't need to look at, analyze and compare different sensor systems to get a unified picture, the aircraft's computer does that.
"If you look at the F-35's radar, the electronic warfare (EW) system, and of course the Multifunction Advanced Data Link (MADL) that ties it all together, that to me is the biggest difference between the F-35. and the legacy F-16s or F-18s,” Spinelli said.
Interestingly, all the data fusion reduces noise in the cockpit, something that better allows pilots to focus on the most pressing things in front of them.
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Tony "Brick" Wilson, a former US Navy F/A-18 pilot who also spent hours flying the carrier-launched F-35C, is well positioned to compare the 4th and 5th generation aircraft.
One of the biggest differences that jump out is its quietness in the cabin. Depending on what the threats are, a lot of mistakes that can happen in flight are mostly due to mishearing communications, or not hearing important information, or missing important information," Wilson, who now works for Lockheed Martin as the chief told me of fighter flight operations (F-35 test pilot).
Part of the reduction in noise and disruption, Wilson explained, is due to the extent to which individual systems are assembled, organized, streamlined collectively, or integrated.
"In the F-35, we carry all of our sensors with us at all times. Combine that with sensor fusion and you get a chance to hear some compromises, but it's still quiet because sensor fusion presents information to the pilot in a way that doesn't require a lot of communications," Wilson said. .
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In general, while not wanting to oversimplify, the ability to find, see and destroy enemy targets without being seen or destroyed.. determines life or death in aerial combat. Given this simple equation, all three pilots seem to agree that perhaps the F-35's biggest advantage is actually... "sensor fusion."
"The biggest difference between fourth generation fighters for me is fourth generation, I always manage all the different systems, from electronic warfare to weapons to radar to any kind of guidance pod, any kind of sensor that I have. I have 100 years. % focused on making sure they're all integrated within my own fourth-generation cockpit.. ..Whereas what I see in the F-35 is that this is all done for you,” he told me.
- Kris Osborn is the president of Warrior Maven and the defense editor of The National Interest --
. Osborn previously served at the Pentagon as a senior expert in the Office of the Under Secretary of the Army: Acquisition, Logistics and Technology. Osborn also worked as an on-air host and military expert for national television networks. He has appeared as a guest military expert on Fox News, MSNBC, The Military Channel, and The History Channel. He also holds a master's degree in Comparative Literature from Columbia University.
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By Peter Huessy - Warrior Senior Nuclear Weapons Analyst, Senior Fellow - Warrior Maven, Atlantic Council, Hudson InstituteJan 2, 2023 This is the product of PAK FA (Russian: ПАК ФА, short for: Перспективный авиациовикификовский виденциовский виденский ионмрой, Перспективный товиационмрой, Kompleks Frontovoy Aviatsii, lit. ‘‘prospective front-line air force aeronautical complex’’), which was initiated in 1999 as a more modern and affordable alternative to MFI (Project Mikoyan 1.44/1.42). Sukhoi's internal designation for the aircraft is the T-50. The Su-57 is the first Russian military service aircraft designed with stealth technology and is intended to be the basis of a family of stealth fighter jets.
A multi-role fighter capable of air combat as well as land and sea attacks, the Su-57 includes stealth, super maneuverability, super cruise, integrated avionics and substantial internal payload capacity.
The aircraft is expected to succeed the MiG-29 and Su-27 in Russian military service and is also marketed for export. The first prototype aircraft flew in 2010, but the program experienced prolonged development due to various structural and technical problems that arose during testing, including the destruction of the first production aircraft in a crash before it was shipped. After repeated delays, the first Su-57 served with the
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